Methods

Electrochemical methods:

  • DC polarography
  • AC polarography/ voltammetry
  • Cyclic voltammetry
  • Fast cyclic voltammetry at gold microelectrodes (up to 10 kV/s)
  • Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
  • Important literature:
  1. Heyrovsky, J., Kuta, J.: Principles of Polarography, Publishing House of Czechoslovac Academy of Sciences, Prague, 1962.
  2. Bard, A. J., Faulkner, L. R.: Electrochemical Methods, J. Wiley, New York, 1980.
  3. Rossiter, B. W., Hamilton, J. F.: Physical methods of Chemistry, Vol. II, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1986.


Other methods:

  • In-situ UV-Vis Spectroelectrochemistry
  • In-situ FTIR Spectroelectrochemistry
  • In-situ Fluorescence Spectroelectrochemistry
  • Fluorescence spectroscopy
  • Surface tunneling spectroscopic techniques (STM)
  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
  • Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)